Subject Matter Expert (SME)

A Subject Matter Expert (SME) is a professional with deep knowledge, experience, and authority in a specific area. In government contracting, subject matter experts provide critical technical expertise, insights, and qualifications that strengthen proposals and support contract performance. SMEs are often called upon during the capture and proposal process to validate solutions, write technical sections, or present past performance in highly specialized fields.

What is a Subject Matter Expert in Government Contracting

The meaning of a subject matter expert is straightforward: an SME is an individual recognized as an authority in a particular subject area. If someone asks, “What is a subject matter expert?” the definition of a subject matter expert is a person whose expertise is essential for solving complex problems, designing solutions, or ensuring compliance with requirements.

In proposals, SMEs often serve as contributors who provide technical content that differentiates a contractor’s solution from competitors.

Subject Matter Expert Roles in Government Contracting

Subject matter experts are vital in proposal development and program execution. Their roles include:

• Drafting or reviewing technical proposal content

• Providing input on compliance with solicitation requirements

• Advising on solution design and risk management

• Supporting oral presentations or customer discussions

• Delivering specialized expertise during contract performance

An SME in cybersecurity, for example, may be responsible for describing security frameworks in a proposal and later overseeing compliance during contract execution.

Subject Matter Expert Skills and Qualifications

SME skills vary by discipline but typically include:

• Extensive experience in a specific technical, functional, or operational field

• Advanced degrees, certifications, or credentials

• Strong communication skills to explain complex topics clearly

• Ability to contribute to both proposal development and project delivery

In government contracting, SMEs often hold certifications such as PMP, CISSP, or other industry-recognized credentials that enhance credibility in proposals.

Subject Matter Expert Jobs and Salary

Subject matter expert jobs exist across industries, from IT and cybersecurity to healthcare, engineering, logistics, and finance. In government contracting, SMEs are often listed as key personnel in proposals, meaning their inclusion is required to be considered for award.

The subject matter expert's salary varies widely based on discipline, security clearance, and demand. Many SMEs earn six-figure salaries, particularly in specialized technical fields where government agencies require advanced expertise.

Why Subject Matter Experts Matter in Proposals

SMEs are often the differentiators in competitive bids. Their expertise demonstrates to evaluators that the contractor has the skills and qualifications needed to deliver. Defining subject matter expert roles early in the capture process ensures that proposals are both technically strong and compliant.